Other roofing materials include asphalt, coal tar pitch, EPDM rubber, Hypalon, polyurethane foam, PVC, slate, Teflon fabric, TPO, and wood shakes and shingles. In many parts of the world ceramic roof tiles have been the predominant roofing material for centuries, if not millennia. The material of a roof may range from banana leaves, wheaten straw or seagrass to laminated glass, copper (see: copper roofing), aluminium sheeting and pre-cast concrete. The elements in the design of a roof are: 'English alone has retained the word in a general sense, for which the other languages use forms corresponding to OE. There are no apparent connections outside the Germanic family. Dutch roef 'deckhouse, cabin, coffin-lid', Middle High German rof 'penthouse', Old Norse hrof 'boat shed').

Old English hrof 'roof, ceiling, top, summit heaven, sky', also figuratively, 'highest point of something', from Proto-Germanic * khrofam ( cf. The roof of a garden conservatory protects plants from cold, wind, and rain, but admits light.Ī roof may also provide additional living space, for example, a roof garden. A verandah may be roofed with material that protects against sunlight but admits the other elements.

In most countries, a roof protects primarily against rain. The characteristics of a roof are dependent upon the purpose of the building that it covers, the available roofing materials and the local traditions of construction and wider concepts of architectural design and practice, and may also be governed by local or national legislation. A roof ( PL: roofs or rooves) is the top covering of a building, including all materials and constructions necessary to support it on the walls of the building or on uprights, providing protection against rain, snow, sunlight, extremes of temperature, and wind.

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